A series mining the PhD thesis on London and UK office buildings (Azhari, 2025). Key takeaway. Greater London holds 30 per cent of office floor area and 24 per cent of office premises in England and Wales, which makes it a clean proxy for some questions, a misleading one for others, and a context-dependent proxy for many.
The most dangerous code in a trading repo is the throwaway research notebook. One structural rule, dependencies that flow in a single direction, keeps it out of production and turns invisible coupling into a number you can grep.
A series mining the PhD thesis “London and UK Office Buildings: Investigating Energy Use and Landlord-Tenant Influences” (Azhari, 2025). Key takeaway. Australia NABERS rates buildings on what they actually use and makes ratings mandatory for office disclosure. The UK is part-way there with NABERS-UK and the DEC, but missing the policy backbone.
Choosing a quant trading framework is not a feature comparison between NautilusTrader, backtrader and a DIY loop. It comes down to one property, and a rubric you can apply to any engine: does your backtest run the same code as live?
A series mining the PhD thesis on London and UK office buildings (Azhari, 2025). Leading UK commercial landlords reported portfolio energy reductions of 38 to 73 per cent over a decade, well above the sector average, and the repeatable moves behind it are few and mundane.
Using a floating-point number for money is a classic bug, but in a trading system it does not just round a penny wrong: it silently mis-sizes a live position. Here is why, and why a Money type is not the fix you think it is.
A series mining the PhD thesis on London and UK office buildings (Azhari, 2025). Key takeaway. A commercial lease is energy policy in disguise: whether a landlord can refurbish, sub-meter, recover capex or oblige a tenant to share data is set by the lease, not physics.